Exploratory Data Analysis - Kepler Object of Interest Dataset

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# Exploratory Data Analysis
## Kepler Object of Interest Dataset

Github Repo: [https://github.com/JamesMcGuigan/dataset-kepler/](https://github.com/JamesMcGuigan/dataset-kepler/)

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# KOI - Kepler Objects of Intrest

<table style="width: 100%">
    <tr>
        <td>
<table style="text-align: left">
    <tr><td>Number of KOIs</td><td>9564</td></tr>
    <tr><td>Number of Solar Systems</td><td>8214</td></tr>
    <tr><td>Number of Named Planets</td><td>2305</td></tr>
    <tr><td> </td></tr>
    <tr><td>CONFIRMED KOIs</td><td>2303</td></tr>
    <tr><td>CANDIDATE KOIs</td><td>2420</td></tr>
    <tr><td>FALSE POSITIVE KOIs</td><td>4841</td></tr>
</table>
        </td>
        <td>
            <img src="./images/KOI_Disposition_PieChart.png"/>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table>

# Named False Positives

[Kepler-469b](https://twitter.com/exohugh/status/1169262460504875008) - "clearly a binary fold in the wrong period" - Hugh Osborn

[Kepler-503b](https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.08820) - An Object at the Hydrogen Burning Mass Limit Orbiting a Subgiant Star

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# FastAI - Neural Network Predictions

Using a FastAI Neural Network to predict KOI Disposition (CONFIRMED / CANDIDATE / FALSE POSITIVE)
    from the other fields in the dataset,

NN Config: `layers=[200, 200, 100, 100, 50, 50] weight_decay=0.1 dropout=0.5`

<table>
    <tr>
        <td>
<ul>
    <li>
        Only using <code>fpflags</code> and OneHot encoded <code>koi_comments</code>
    </li>
    <li>83.3% accuracy</li>
    <li>20 <code>fit_one_cycle()</code> epocs</li>
</ul>
<img src="images/FastAI_Training_Loss_1.png" height="262" width="386"/>
        </td>
        <td>
<ul>
    <li>
        Using entire dataset
    </li>
    <li>89.6% accuracy</li>
    <li>Superconvergence</li>
    <li>5 <code>fit_one_cycle()</code> epocs</li>
</ul>
<img src="images/FastAI_Training_Loss_2.png" height="262" width="386"/>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table>

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# Exoplanet Habitability

A key goal of the Kepler Space Telescope is to determine how many Earth-size and larger planets there are in or
near the habitable zone (often called "Goldilocks planets") of a wide variety of spectral types of stars.

The Goldilocks Zone:
- Liquid Water = surface temperature between 273.2K - 373.2K
- Earth Sized Rocky Planet = assumed between 0.8 - 1.7 (Earth Radii)

**17 potentially habitable exoplanets found!**

<table style="width: 100%; text-align: center">
    <tr>
        <td>
            KMeans Clustering for Planet Type
            <img src="images/Exoplanet_StarType.png" width="375"/>
        </td>
        <td>
            KMeans Clustering for Star Type
            <img src="images/Exoplanet_PlanetType.png" width="375"/>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table>

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# Where are my habitable exoplanets?

The 17 potentially habitable exoplanets plotted on the night sky!

- The bottom right of the grid is closest to the Galactic Rim, thus has a greater overall star density
- Each square represents the stationary field of view of the Kepler Space Telescope
- Kepler was repointed 21 times in a grid search pattern during its 9 year mission